Pacific Polymers. Free Store Pickup Today. With a. TDS & SDS. About Us. Apoc 247 vs Elastek 127; Apoc 247 vs Henry’s Dura-Brite; Apoc 252 vs Elastek 127; Apoc 252 vs Henry’s Dura. The tubes have pointed applicators to make piping the sealant around the roof’s edges, air vents, vent pipes, leaks, and other areas easier. Color: White and gray. Roof system must be free of moisture before coating. 5. 109 Solar Magic may be used as the topcoat over liquid applied roofing membranes to refurbish older roofs or establish new roof membranes. Consider casted the coating into an slightly container up do hoisting easier. The product is easy to install; the coating is applied to the roof surface as a liquid, and then hardens as it dries. This article covers four roof coatings: acrylic, silicone, polyurethane, and an asphaltic rubber membrane system. With its durability, elasticity, and resistance to yellowing, TRC 7000 Perma-Coat Roof Coating remains a highly dependable product. APOC. com. Report Highlights. Applied correctly, it forms a flexible, sustainable skin that can dramatically lengthen the life of a roof by protecting it from solar damage. Product Description. 5. E-las-tek® #109 Solar Magic is a reflective elastomeric roof coating made with acrylic polymers. Application. 00. Now with Dirt Pick-Up Resistance (DPR) Technology, it will keep your roof whiter and brighter longer. Company USDOT number is 1990034. more information For more information about applying Elastek® roof coatings to Polyurethane foam roof systems, please see the Elastek® sandblasting. 20. Wall Base, Vinyl Adhesive Back. FEATURES. Consider pouring the coating the a smaller container to make lift easier. Reg 80$ I was steered to a silicone elastomeric 85$ for 5 gallons with 10$ off with online coupon. APOC products are sold to roofing professionals nationwide through a strong network of roofing distributors. 30. 00 $ 60. stops leaks with a fluid applied self-conforming polyurethane sealer. He gave me a written estimate of the Elastek Sustainable Ply (ESP) system within a few hours after the inspection and I agreed to have the work. . Both of these are white elastomeric roof coatings which have much to offer consumers. Model # 0371-GA. Website. CAT PELAPIS WATERPROOFING ELASTEX Nippon Paint - 1kg | elastek. 50 g/l. . Applied correctly, it forms a flexible, sustainable skin that can dramatically lengthen the life of a roof by protecting it from solar damage. 9 Gallon Pail. Get directions. Kool Seal elastomeric roof coating - Animaanimarecreacao. It can be used to divert water from behind chimneys or other roof. Inspect flashingElastek® elastomeric cool roof coatings and repair materials are among the most energy-saving products available in the desert Southwest market. Tighten fasteners on metal roofs. They can extend the life of your roof by decades with proper maintenance. Once its ready to work. Thus, if you’re primarily concerned with the level of elasticity in a roof coating, then Elastek 127 may be the better choice for you. However, APOC 247 does rank comparability in terms of tensile strength, reflectivity, and adhesion to good substrate. COM ROOFING CONTRACTORS ASSOCIATION Visit or call us at 1-866-ELASTEK for a complete printed copy of this warranty or more information. Applied correctly, it forms a flexible, sustainable skin that can dramatically lengthen the life of a roof by protecting it from solar damage. Small Business. Protect your roof against heat stress and rust with Gardner-Gibson Sta-Kool Metal-X. Single-Ply Mod Bit Acrylic Coatings Silicone Coatings. Add photo. New posts New profile posts Latest. From Business: Tucson Rubberized Coatings is a reputed provider of roof coating in Tucson. Apply with heavy-duty sprayer or deep-pile paint roller with wood handle and metal threads, keeping strokes in one direction. Told it's Better 8 yr coating. From Business: Over 40 years experience in diagnosing and fixing leaks. ft) 100. SM7120 PU - Excellent Weatherability and Long-Term Durability. AcryLabs includes the most. YEARS IN BUSINESS (520) 624-6282. Asphalt. Best Roof Coatings for Flat Roofs. It expands and contracts with the roofs movements to resist damage. Elastek 109-Solar-Magic MSDS: Elastek 114-The-Shield MSDS: Elastek 120-SolarTek-Extreme MSDS:. Polyurethane 300 Aromatic Base Coat. SureCoat Poly-Mesh is a unique woven polyester mesh of uniform thickness with voids large enough. Call us at (520) 668-8988 to get a quote for your roof coating project. Read honest and unbiased product reviews from our users. Headquarters Contact: Sales ELASTEK coatings@elastek. Matko Painting is located at 3985 Highlander Ave Lake Havasu City, Arizona 86406: Exterior painting; Residential & commercial. This product resists cracking and peeling while extending the life of the roofing substrate. ABOUT. 10 Year White Siliconized Elastomeric Roof Coating. Assembled Product Weight. Get the project done fast with fabric-less metal roof coating systems Restore and Preserve EPDM, Thermoplastic, Thermoset, and Other Membranes. A year and a half later, the roof is in excellent condition and with a 20 year warranty Costco can rest. B. R. Black Jack® Elasto-Kool™ 700 White Elastomeric Coating is a quality, highly flexible, white acrylic latex roof coating. Preparing and Coating SPF Foam Roofs with Suspected Water Intrusion Problems SPRAY URETHANE FOAM 1. Follow the step. It is a material similar to polyurethane, but it has its own unique physical properties. E-Las-Tek® 103 Crack & Joint Sealant is a thick, white, long lasting elastomeric sealant that won’t dry out or crack over time. With its durability, elasticity, and resistance to yellowing, TRC 7000 Perma-Coat Roof Coating remains a highly dependable product. Each square equals 100 sq ft. How-To: Apply Crystal Roof Coating | ElastekPelican Bay Forest Products. Elastek 3700 S Palo Verde Road, Tucson, AZ, 85713. (ITW) in October 2022. Allow Roof Patch to drier completely before how White Elastomeric Roofing Coating. Elastek® #127 Solar One Plus . SM7713 MS - Stop Asphalt "Bleeding" Upcoming Trade ShowsSpray coatings combat damage with excellent flat roof waterproofing. 866-599-1354. FEATURED PRODUCT Polyurethane 300 Aliphatic Finish Coat. It is a penetrating type protective coating formulated to provide a tough, durable, weather-resistant film to protect existing roofs in good condition. Applied correctly, it forms a. 3 billion by 2023 at a compound annual growth rate (CAGR) of 6. This black. Polyurea is the most expensive ( $2 to $3 per square foot) because it requires two coats. Specializing in residential re-roofs. With its high solar reflectivity, roofs stay cooler, reducing stress on. Cool Roof Coatings - An energy-efficient ProGreen specialty. 4) and low-quality substrate (3. It is cheaper to use than white elastomeric coating. E-Las-Tek® 505 Puddle Plaster is a thick, paste-like, black reinforced coating containing asphalt emulsion, fiberglass, and a thick, lightweight filler. The Roof Coatings Manufacturers Association explains that coatings have a higher solids content than paint and are formulated with high-quality resins that allow them to maintain their elasticity even as roofs expand and contract. 500. Seller warrants to the original property owner that E-las-tek® roof coatings will provide up to 12 years of solar protection (per the table below) to the roof system from the first. for pricing and availability. A. No fabric reinforcement required; Reduce labor; Easy to apply and brush; UV stable; Time tested since 1977; One step. Apoc 247 vs Elastek 127; Apoc 247 vs Henry’s Dura-Brite; Apoc 252. The two coatings are almost evenly matched in terms of dirt pickup resistance and white/reflectivity. Good resultat require care, attention to detail, but few special skills. Interior & exterior painting. Increase the water resistance of the roof within the ponding area by applying two liberal coats. Areas of long-term ponding can be eliminated by using Elaste k ® #505 Puddle Plaster. Installation costs typically range between $0. Prime asphalt surfaces with Elastek #121 High-Tek Basecoat prior to system application. Why Roof Coatings Are Good. Get reviews, hours, directions, coupons and more for Elastek. E-Las-Tek® 125 PolyTek Supreme is a reflective elastomeric roof coating made with acrylic polymers. Headquarters Contact: Sales ELASTEK coatings@elastek. Bags to material weighed over 60 pounds each and must be lifted till the roof. 04 /pallet (9) Gardner. . A ⅜” nap roller is recommended if rolling. This system is a fluid applied, seamless, fully adhered membrane. Puddle Plaster is designed for use as a non-permanent means of reducing the depth of roof depressions thereby reducing the potential for. Liquid Applied Roofing: Solar One Plus may be used as the topcoat over liquid applied roofing membranes to refurbish older roofs or establish new roof membranes. This high performance outdoor sealant resists cracking and peeling, while offering. To determine the number of 5 gallon pails needed, divide the square footage of your roof by 250. You get up to 10 years of protection with one application of this high-solids coating that has a premium, reflective formula. We provide customers with various options to choose--ranging from a 5 year to a 15-year product also we are the best. See our website for information. By enhancing the product with silicone, water resistance, adhesion and life expectancy are greatly increased. 75 per square foot for materials and labor, depending on the roof size and condition. BLACK JACK® Elasto-Kool 1000 White Siliconized Elastomeric Coating is our top quality, highly flexible, white acrylic roof coating. Premium Elastek elastomeric roof coatings are highly resistant to all but the most prolonged standing water situations. APOC. Roof coatings help protect the structure they’re applied to but are often stretched by seasonal temperatures and other abuse. Apply Cool Roof Coating. Restore existing ashpalt. com: Principal(s): Steve Mink - General Manager Dave Metz - Sales Manager: Statement: Elastek was founded in 1993 in Tucson, AZ and has experienced phenomenal growth and recognition within the roofing industry and the communities it serves. APOC® 247 Sun-Shield White Reflective Roof Coating is a flexible, white acrylic roof coating. . Here is a look of what it could look like. 13. Apply one even coat of the sealant to the roof with a spray painter, long-handle paint roller or paint brush. Installation costs typically range between $0. I'm just about finished applying an elastomeric coating to our existing flat roof, which is a "torch-down. Home / Coatings / Roof Coatings / Pacific Polymers Elastek 129 Premium Top Coat Bright Wht 5 Gl Pl. ) • Roof condition (standing water, low spots, etc If you are not sure of all the factors to. (2 coats are recommended for best results) • TIETEX polyester reinforcement roofing fabric is a stitch-bonded, high-performanceArmor Roof Shield is a unique co-polymer roof coating that provides superior performance. Extremely versatile, it can be used over the roof membrane for maintenance or under the new roof membrane in reroofing applications. Of minimum fervor this them should apply a roof finish at is 55 degrees Fahrenheit. . Coating may be diluted at the maximum rate of one-quart of clean water per 5-gallons of roof coating to improve spray-ability. com: Principal(s): Steve Mink - General Manager Dave Metz - Sales Manager: Statement: Elastek was founded in 1993 in Tucson, AZ and has experienced phenomenal growth and recognition within the roofing industry and the communities it serves. Colors: White, tan, gray, various other colors. more information For more information about applying Elastek® roof coatings to Polyurethane foam roof systems, please see the Elastek®sandblasting. Check out for more info about our company!Rust-Oleum 780 Elastomeric Roof Coating; Problems also occur when ampere damp roof surface pitfall moisture below and coating surface. This coating also provides a protective barrier. This high performance product resists cracking and peeling, while offering tremendous durability and long term life. Elastek® 103 Crack & Joint Sealant is a thick, white, long lasting elastomeric sealant that won't dry out or crack over time. It is a multi-purpose product that works well with roofing, masonry, metal, and wood substrates. Inspection was done, but never got an estimate. Use a blower or a broom to remove any remaining dirt and debris off the roof. Elastek coating systems. Tucson and surroundings areas. HER is a tough, seamless elastomeric roofing membrane that has excellent adhesion to a wide variety of substrates. With its high solar reflectivity, roofs stay cooler, reducing stress on the roof system and oftenCALL US TODAY for more information!! 877/823-7873 or visit us online at This is a SureCoat Systems' coating HOW TO repair vid. Manufacturer. . 43 of these businesses have an A/A+ BBB rating. Find My Store. Wild West Painting is proud to offer Elastek roof coatings on our roster of services for your home. 1-877-ELASTEK (1-877-352-7835) • WWW. 6385 Atlantic Blvd, Norcross, Georgia 30071, US. for pricing and availability. Apply on a sunny day when roof surface is warm to the touch. Erasmo’s Roofing is a locally owned roofing company in Las Cruces with 39 years of experience offering Shingle, Metal, Tile, and Elastomeric Roofing Services. 109 Solar Magic. 9-Gallon White Silicone Reflective Roof Coating (Limited Lifetime Warranty) Model # AP-5811. Liquid Applied Roofing: #120 may be used as the topcoat over liquid applied roofing membranes to refurbish older roofs or establish new roof membranes. Roofing Sealants & Coatings Check Similar Products Roll over image to zoom in. Open foam on flat areas of the roof should be three-coursed. Transportation Services provided: Vans, Car TransportOnce curd, Elastek coatings form adenine tough, weather-resistant barrier that belongs highly resistant to water. Pacific Polymers Elastek Solar One 127 Roof Coating 55 Gl White. However, TRC 7000 boasts higher tensile strength, meaning that it can sustain a higher amount of pressure. Our Hardware, Tools & Sealants category offers a great selection of Roofing Sealants & Coatings products at. com. Product Overview. Reduce the depth of ponding areas with Elastek 505 Puddle Plaster. 520-975-6101Mix thoroughly. 88 Low/Steep. Thus, if a client lives in an area that gets a lot of rain, then asphalt can provide them with peace of mind in terms of potential roof damage. This high performance product resists cracking and. Roofing Contractors Roofing Equipment & Supplies Building Materials. Knowing the elastomeric roof coating Cape Girardeau costs is recommended before starting a elastomeric roof coating project. Emulsion is an inexpensive way to fill in the many stone pits on the roof’s surface while also resealing the membrane. 👉 How much elastomeric roof coating do I need? How many coats do you need? A single, thick application of Elastek roof coating may be adequate if you. Clean brushes and rolls with water. Roof coating acts as a thin membrane on the roof, protecting it from harsh weather, debris, UV rays, and more. Darren C. Results can be filtered and details can be viewed by clicking the map. Roof coatings don’t just help a roof look nice, they also protect the roof from weathering, seasonal temperatures, exterior damage, and prevent more extensive repairs. Perm Factor: The perm factor is the coating’s resistance to moisture vapor passing through it. Henry is also the clear winner in the scrub test, but TRC 7000 offers better adhesion to. ROC# C-42. , Certainteed Corp. 02 inches or 0. Look for water squishing out of small openings as you walk the roof. With a. snow seal roofing. Unacceptable Substrates: Asphalt or coal tar pitch roofing (may be possible with appropriate primer), gravel-surfaced roofing. CAT ANTI BOCOR/ CAT ELASTIS NIPPON ELASTEX SETARA AQUAPROOF. Polyurethane roof coatings are highly flexible, so they can stretch to conform as the roof expands or contracts in response to outside temperatures. E. Airless spray is recommended for optimum results. Well…Re-new your flat roof with our elastek roof coating and membrane. Search for: Home; About Us; Contact Aerospace; Products. ft. Adhesion test of coating to the metal roof substrate is required where the bond to the metal may be questionable; such as with Kynar® 500 based finishes. It is cheaper to use than white elastomeric coating. See our website for information. New posts Search forums. Clean the roof as much as possible, and pick up any large pieces of debris. 241 4. 5-Gallon White Elastomeric Reflective Roof Coating (10-year Limited Warranty) Model # KS0063600-20. If you need a highly durable roof coating, then asphalt is a fine choice. Unclaimed. ITW Polymers Sealants North America. Applied correctly, it forms a flexible, sustainable skin that can dramatically lengthen the life of a roof by protecting it from solar damage. 4. E-Las-Tek Elastomeric Roof Coatings. 38. Principal (s):Steve Mink - General ManagerDave Metz - Sales Manager. Check coating thickness with a wet-mil gauge periodically (20 mils wet for topcoats). Step 5: Allow Surface to Dry (24-48 hours depending on weather) Weather permitting, you should allow your first coat to dry for at least 24 hours. Acceptable Substrates: EPDM, Hypalon, PVC, and TPO single-ply membranes, metal roofing, existing roof coatings, spray polyurethane foam. 76 0. Kool Seal. Check out for more info about our company!White-Seal reflects sun rays and reduces interior temperatures. Elastek® elastomeric cool roof coatings and repair materials are among the most energy-saving products available in the desert Southwest market. Exclusive $ 349. B. Moreover, for good reason, as the spray coating adapts seamlessly to the movement and tension of the surface, thus preventing cracking. Once curdled, Elastek coatings form a heavy, weather-resistant barrier this is immensely resistant to water. 9696. When it comes down to the all-important factor of elasticity, Elastek 127 comes out on top. henry roof coating. Lay polyester cloth in all ponding areas and under solar panels and TV antenna. 00 gallons per 100 sq ft. Renew roof coating on a 2005 Arizona flat roof home, 2100 sq ft with a 3 car garage, remove and replace the Spanish tiles on the patio roof to repair a leak and correct poor original installation. Specialties: Tucson Rubberized Coatings is a reputed provider of roof coating in Tucson. 8 0. ProductLet’s say that you’re trying to decide between APOC 252 SUNWHITE Premium White Architectural Grade Elastomeric Coating and Henry 587 100% Acrylic Dura-Brite White Elastomeric Roof Coating. 105 Super Seal. Login / Register for Additional. Sta-Kool Elastomeric White Reflective Roof Coating. Asphalt Shingles; Concrete & Clay Roof Tiles; Cedar Shakes & Shingles; Metal Roofing; Composite Shingles; Slate Roof Tiles; Low Slope Roofing. ERSystems Roof Restoration in Topeka Veterans Medical Center (more); How to Read Lot Numbers (more); Tough Got Tougher – New Roof Restoration System (more)From its 18,000-square foot manufacturing facility at 3700 S. This see strength and safe equipment. Use a blower or a broom to remove any remaining dirt and debris off the roof. Holcim acquired Polymers Sealants North America (PSNA) a division of Illinois Tool Works Inc. Let's look the some; Problems also emergence wenn a damp roof screen traps moisture underneath this coating surface. Connect to your favourite weather forecaster and look for the following conditions: Category: Roofing Product: Elastomeric roof coating Temperature Limitations: Use above +5 C (+40 F) and below +26 C (+78 F) -- no freezing for 24 hours Rain Limitations: No rain for 24 hours Wind Limitations: n/a Humidity Limitations: n/a. Dry to touch: 1 hour; Dry to recoat: 24 hours. Elastek is a Holcim Solutions and Products US, LLC, brand Cool King Reflective Acrylic Roof Coating, Waterproof Elastomeric Sealant, 5 Gallon, 5 Year Protection (White) 363. 5 Gal. HOLCIM. 00 per square foot. These systems have been installed worldwide and are supported by an ever expanding family of distributors and contractors. Use on properly drained tar & gravel roofs in areas subjected to ponding water as a part of AMES Roof Coating Systems. All leaks, gaps, E -las tek® #103 Crack & contractor Asphalt Roofing: Thorough washing reduces asphalt bleed-through. Applied correctly, it forms a flexible, sustainable skin that can dramatically lengthen the life of a roof by protecting it from solar damage. com. E-Las-Tek® PolyTek Fabric is a strong roofing fabric used to reinforce repairs made with 103 Crack & Joint Sealant to form tough, durable, 3-coarse patchwork on seams, or any roof penetrations like skylights and vents. ft. R. Thermoplastic-rubber and single component. Airless spray is recommended for optimum results. Reduces Cooling Costs. KM Coatings is a leading manufacturer of commercial grade roof coating systems. Apoc 247 vs Elastek 127; Apoc 247 vs Henry’s Dura-Brite; Apoc 252 vs Elastek 127; Apoc 252 vs Henry’s Dura-Brite; Apoc 252 vs SW Paints. Alternatively, TRC 7000 outranks Elastek 127 in tensile strength. The specific brand I'm using is Elastek, although there is more than one manufacturer. It is critically the that initial drying phase is each coating application be fully BEFORE additional moisture be introduced to the coating surface! Defected coating often appeared wrinkled, loose, and lifeless. 576 3. is a flashing grade single component moisture-cure polyurethane roof sealant. U. ABC Supply Co. COM When it comes down to the all-important factor of elasticity, Elastek 127 comes out on top. It comes in just a few points behind. Login / Register for Additional Discounts. Emulsion is an inexpensive way to fill in the many stone pits on the roof’s surface while also resealing the membrane. Ideal for use on flat and. An elastomeric roof coating is a type of coating that is designed to stretch so that it covers the entire roof. 75-Gallon White Elastomeric Reflective Roof Coating (7-year Limited Warranty) APOC 241 Elastomeric White Roof Coating is a durable, flexible, and reflective roof coating that resists cracking and UV rays while protecting the roof surface. snow seal roof coating. It is critical that the initial drying phase of each coating apply be full BEFORE additional moisture is implemented toward the coating surface! Damaged coating often appears wrinkled, loose, and lifeless. Good results requested care, attention to detail, but few special skills. 3700 S Palo Verde Rd. SureCoat Poly-Mesh is a high-grade easy to use reinforcing mesh roof fabric used for additional tensile strength as part of the SureCoat Roof System. Allow a minimum of 2 hours between coats. In fact, our excellent reputation extends beyond just roofing. Compare $ 3262. 4 of the rated businesses have 4+ star ratings. The Henry 587 100% Acrylic Dura-Brite White Elastomeric Roof Coating helps reduce energy costs in your home. 241 4. With a good roof coating, you can give your roof the protection it needs from sun, rain, and temperature changes to help it last longer. However, there are a number of differences to consider. Laminated Flooring. Applied correctly, it forms a flexible, sustainable skin that can dramatically lengthen the life of a roof by protecting it from solar damage. 3700 S Palo At. Shingle Shield Roof Life Extender 1-Gallon Waterproof Roof Sealant. Beacon is a leading provider of commercial and residential roofing, siding, windows, decking, insulation,…. The biggest perk of having a silicone-based elastomeric coating stands in its quality to withstand weather threats. Snow Coat Roofing Sealer. US DOT Number: 1990034. Henry 887 Tropi-Cool 100% Silicone White Roof Coating is a premium, 100% silicone, moisture-cure coating designed to reflect the sun's heat and UV rays as well as protect many types of roofs. Prime asphalt surfaces with Elastek #121 High-Tek Basecoat. By enhancing the product with silicone, water resistance, adhesion and life expectancy are greatly increased. 241 4. However, the final cost of a new roof may vary. The North American market for roof coatings should grow from $979. FEATURED PRODUCT Polyurethane 300 Aliphatic Finish Coat. , INC. Soft Paint Like. 500. All rusted fasteners should be treated or replaced. Roof Foam. , Inc. Elastek 127 comes out well above TRC 7000 in terms of elasticity or elongation, so it may be the right choice for climates with extreme weather fluctuations, since changes in temperature are what will cause the roof coating to expand and contract. With a good roof coating, you can give your roof the protection it needs from sun, rain, and temperature changes to help it last longer. Tucson, AZ 85713. E-Las-Tek® 120 Solar Tek Extreme Plus is a reflective elastomeric roof coating made with 100% acrylic polymers. Preparing and Coating SPF Foam Roofs with Suspected Water Intrusion Problems SPRAY URETHANE FOAM 1. 2) Cooler temperatures below 80° F and higher humidity above 50% can add up to 12 hours to the full cure time. " Basically large rolls of shingle-like material. Reduce the depth of ponding areas with Elastek 505 Puddle Plaster. With its high solar reflectivity, roofs stay cooler, reducing stress on the roof system and often H. Our sustainable and long-term roofing system solutions are in service on millions of square feet of commercial and. 50. I rarely rave about a product unless I truly believe in it, but this stuff has already impressed me. The roof surface must be clean, dry, and free of ponding water, and over-all structurally sound. 00 per square foot. Rust-Oleum 750 Elastomeric Roof Coating can be spray, roll or brush applied. Get pot be brought by morning, standing water. 18. On wood, E-las-tek® #103 Crack & Joint Sealant can be used to fill cracks 1/16th-inchwide or larger. Find My Store. Acrylic Elastomeric Roof Coatings Kool Seal® 7 Year Elastomeric Roof Coating is a 100% acrylic reflective roof coating with the ability to expand and contract with the roof. 241 4. It seals, saves and extends the life of old roofs and is an. The International Roofing Expo 2014 was a huge success for ERSystems® and Elastek®. Areas of rust, corrosion, mildew, or efflorescence should be removed before coating. Ace Hardware Elastek Roof Coating. 4. Find all the information for E Las Tek Elastomeric Roof Coatings Roofing Suppy of Arizona Tucson on MerchantCircle. Elastic coatings: This is a play on the company Elastek and the rubberized nature of white acrylic coatings. 502RC-W Elasto-Kote Finish is a highly elastic. Our team members also have a lot of experience with coating products of all types, from walls to driveways. Roof coatings shield your roof from the relentless assault of the elements.